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368 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 1899
The son of a well-to-do businessman, Frank Norris (1870-1902) studied painting in San Francisco, then went to Paris, where his taste shifted to literature. However, not until he had returned to become a student at the University of California did he discover the works of Zola, whose naturalism was to form the foundation of Norris’s artistic credo.As one who has read quite a lot of Zola, I could easily see his influence in Norris' first novel. Though he works as a dentist and is called Doctor, McTeague is really semi-literate working class. As a boy/young man, McTeague worked as a carboy in a mine. Growing up among miners, he was more than simply rough around the edges, but his mother wanted more for him. He learned the trade of dentistry from an itinerant who likely learned dentistry on the sly. It isn't clear that he actually lives above what we would now call the poverty line, but probably only just. He lives in a building of small flats. In fact, he lives in the one room where he conducts his dental practice. He must go out for meals.
The premier naturalist, if not its inventor, was the French novelist Émile Zola, who influenced Crane, Norris and many others. He wrote novels oriented toward social justice, but his characters were forever doomed by their powerlessness in the face of circumstances.It is easy to see this powerlessness in the three main characters of McTeague, Marcus, and Trina. Each, in his/her own way, also represents Norris' theme of greed.