Some people are drawn to vampires, zombies, ax murderers, burnt-out detectives to escape daily life; my fantasy fiction of choice, however, is Barbara Pym's world of vicars, gentlewomen, cat ladies, and uptight yet feckless men. No matter that her books are set in contemporary post-war England or that her characters are drawn from real life, Pym's world is a lost world of people who read Tennyson, drink sherry on special occasions, and construct their social world around books and the local church. While people may not 'get' Pym because of the cloistered worlds she creates, her macro lens has an extraordinary eye for probing convention whether it be what a certain kind of person is supposed to wear or to whom he or she should marry. Her novels are about as uncool as one could get and yet she is able to pierce her characters' underbellies, exposing their prejudices, anxieties, and trepidations that can only arise within a repressive class-based society such as England in the 50s and 60s. In troping the 'unsuitable' in this novel, Pym reveals how much society constrains and dictates people's tastes and behaviors through dialogue and setting. In this circumscribed world, defying convention becomes for Ianthe a radical act and one that it seems by the end of the novel may not have negative repercussions but instead is ushering in a newer, better England. Rather than being punished for her decision to marry beneath her, she is granted, among her peers and relatives, a reluctant acceptance. additionally, while Pym focuses only on a subset of this social sphere, the setting of a provincial outpost of north London, itself an unsuitable place for an ambitious and pretentious vicar such as Mark, becomes a prism of what is to become of England: the fear of change is ever-present with constant allusions to England's post-colonials--a growing immigrant population that while never fully engaged with in the novel becomes a source of anxiety for some of the parishioners who now have to share their church AKA social life with the 'other'.
One can read this novel as an attempt to maintain not only class boundaries that were beginning to dissolve post WWII but also racial and national boundaries--all of this occurring in the suburbs among characters who think they are charitable and kind and open-minded and yet cling to social habits and conventions perhaps because they dread the future. This is most potently served up by Pym's characterization of Rupert, a cultural anthropologist, obsessed with studying marriage rituals of an obscure African tribe and yet incapable of understanding his own desires, constantly shifting between two women: Penelope, a bohemian who aspires to move beyond the confines of her sister's life and the other Ianthe, a gentlewoman who on the surface appears to be suitable and yet becomes the more unconventional of the two in her love of a working class younger man. It is easy to read Pym as old-fashioned and her publishers apparently thought so as they rejected this book after publishing 7 of her novels. But her doting on such unfashionable characters and their odd obsessions--the feeding of feral cats by one of the spinsters during a trip to Rome, for example--allow her to gently offer us a 'condition of England' novel whose social and political ramifications are farther reaching than the vicar's own diocese.