In 1804 Mary Lambert does NOT enjoy doing household chores and staying indoors with her mother. No matter how hard her mother tries to turn her into a proper young lady Mary would rather be running around outside in the woods with her brother or playing spies with her friend Nancy around their Martha's Vineyard hometown of Chilmark. When the story opens, Mary is carrying a dark secret. Her older brother, George, was recently struck by a carriage in the street and killed all because of Mary. Mary happens to be deaf, as many people in her community are. It's normally not a big deal as everyone can communicate in sign language, but when she couldn't hear the carriage coming, it cost her brother his life. Nancy has a grand plan to communicate with spirits and Mary hopes she can lay her brother's spirit to rest. Their plan unfortunately has repercussions that threaten to tear apart their friendship and destroy the community. That same night an outsider comes, a researcher from the mainland who wants to find the cause of deafness in the community. Mary's mother seems eager to help but Mary thinks they're fine just the way they are. Not everyone is willing to cooperate with the stranger. What effect will his coming have on Mary's community? Nothing will ever be the same again after this.
This story intrigued me because I've certainly heard of the deaf of Martha's Vineyard and also because of the Wampanoag struggles to regain their land. I'm not from the Vineyard but growing up on the Cape and nearby New England, everyone I know has been there. Being from former Wampanoag territory, I'm certainly aware of the Wampanoag history and culture. The same old fight continues. I was curious about what life was like for girls like Mary in the early 19th-century before schools for the deaf and before an understanding of genetics. Of course today we understand the cause of hereditary deafness but in 1804, their understanding of science was limited. The proposed theories are hair raising and seem kind of silly by modern standards. One really has to set aside all knowledge of modern science and get inside the head of a 19th-century person. Even doing that, I struggled, knowing fully well how most people regarded the deaf and "dumb." I knew the coming of the stranger would not end well. I couldn't put the book down until I knew what happened to Mary! It was an exciting adventure that kept me up later than I intended. I couldn't put the book down until I knew what happened to Mary!
I liked how this story was told from the first-person point-of-view of Mary. Normally, for a book for this age group, that sort of thing bothers me because it gets too adult introspective, but in this instance, the story HAS to be told from Mary's point-of-view in her own voice because she's deaf. The author is deaf which adds authenticity to Mary's story and also makes the story more interesting. She understands Mary's feelings and the reader is better able to understand what it feels like to be Mary. Although the author is deaf, she acknowledges she doesn't speak Martha's Vineyard Sign Language, a language that's now extinct. The author's note also explains how Mary would use home signs, specific to her family, to communicate and the author drew on signs she used when she was young.
While the author is not Wampanoag, she used sensitivity readers and consulted with a scholar and activist from the Chappaquiddick Tribe to make her story more authentic.
What I didn't really care for in this novel is the trap that most middle grade authors fall into these days- the adult voice. I don't like being hit over the head with moral lessons. The story was great without them but at the end, Mary's voice becomes older and wiser based on what she's been through and she explains the lessons she's learned. I prefer to learn those lessons on my own from the action of the novel. I also felt this was a tiny bit overcorrected in the dealings with the Wampanoag but I appreciated having characters who presented authentic points-of-view for the early-19th-century. It's uncomfortable to know that people felt that way but that's a good thing because it shows us how far we actually have come and how much farther we need to go.
I really liked Mary. She is a character I can relate to. Every girl who wanted to be Laura Ingalls will love Mary. Unlike Mary Ingalls, she's not a goody goody, girly girl who is content to stay home and do what her mother tells her. THIS Mary is feisty, energetic and loves to tell stories. She runs wild all over her hometown and there's no mentions of bonnets! (Yes girls wore straw bonnets in 1804. Making bonnets was a cottage industry in nearby Nantucket). Her hair is wild and free as her spirit. Mary is creative, intelligent and big-hearted. She loves strongly and deeply and her relationship with her brother was very special. She adored her big brother and feels guilty because he, as a hearing person, knew the carriage was coming and pushed her out of the way, sacrificing his own life for hers. In some ways she feels her life is worth less than her brother's and thinks her parents don't love her as much as they loved George. She's struggling with her grief and coming to terms with it. One problem I had with Mary's voice is with her letter. It does not sound like the authentic voice of an 11-year-old girl who hasn't been to school year-round. Educated, elite, men wrote like that but most people had about a third grade education, if that. I understand the point Mary was trying to make but it didn't sound authentic to me.
Mary's relationships with her parents also reminded me of Laura Ingalls. Mrs. Lambert tries to keep up appearances and make a proper home for her family. She accepts her husband and daughter for who they are but she isn't going to sacrifice proper standards just because Mary can't hear! Mrs. Lambert is also afraid of the Wampanoag and her feelings about the freedmen aren't much better, much like Caroline Ingalls. Like Laura, Mary is closer to her father and they share a bond, partly because of their deafness and partly, I think, because they're both free spirits. He understands Mary's need to be free. He's a peacemaker and mediates between Mary and her mother and between Nancy's hot-headed, angry father and the Wampanoag. I liked him more than Mary's mother. He's more sympathetic and kind for a free-spirited young lady.
The locals are quite a colorful bunch. Mary's best friend Nancy is crazy! She's fun to be around but some of her ideas are a bit too much for me. She's a good friend for Mary though because they both share that free, untrammeled spirit. I feel sorry for Nancy because her father is simply awful! He's determined to fight the Wampanoag for land ownership rights even after the Supreme Court in Boston made a decision in favor of the Wampanoag. He's angry and mean about it. Nancy's mother doesn't seem to be very kind or tolerant either. They both take their frustrations out on Nancy and I do NOT agree with Mrs. Lambert's position on not interfering. I love Ezra Brewer, the old salt. He's fun and funny. I like his stories and his sense of humor. His needs are simple and he wants for nothing except the sea and salt air. He's so typical of old New England before the tourists invaded. I was surprised by the sailing details and how long it took to sail to Boston from Martha's Vineyard. It took a good week or more when today you can take a ferry to the mainland and drive to Boston from the ferry stop in Hyannis or New Bedford in less than a day. Rev. Lee is not a bad person. He's calm and patient like a good clergyman should be and though he doesn't approve of Nancy and Mary's adventure, he doesn't come down too hard on them. I found him a kind and sympathetic clergyman. Thomas, a freedman who married a Wampanoag woman, is an interesting character. He's wholeheartedly embraced the Wampanoag culture and way of life. He's forced to work for the White islanders to make money to support his family. He's subjected to mistreatment and suspicion because of the color of his skin. His daughter Sally would be described as "colored" because she's mixed race. Sally has been raised with her mother's people. She loves animals more than anything and has a lovely, calm presence. I like how Mary appreciates Sally but NOT Mary's regrets at the end for not doing more to befriend Sally. I'm not sure that's something that feels authentic to the time or the age of the character, in spite of Mary's ordeal. I especially like Miss Hammond, the progressive school teacher. She's very interesting and modern. I question exactly how much she would know and care to share about the Native history and relationship with Europeans.
The villain, Andrew Noble, is very two-dimensional. Yes he's authentic in his viewpoints but still nasty. He's rude, inhospitable and prejudiced. His supposedly scientific methods leave a lot to be desired even with the limited knowledge of the time. He has a hypothesis and seems obsessed with PROVING science yet manufactures and manipulates situations to suit his own theories. That's not scientific based research. At first I tried to give him the benefit of the doubt. He seemed to mean well. His study could have merit and help integrate the islanders into the wider world and even help other deaf people. However, he then started to spout beliefs that sound like early-20th-century eugenics or social Darwinism (this is pre-Darwin though) and that made me realize this man is not a good person. The things he does are shocking and uncalled for. Even in 1804, he knows what he was doing is wrong. There's something not quite right in the head about him. His landlady is nearly equally awful but we don't know what he told her. She could think Mary is an indentured servant or criminal but still, that's not an excuse for her behavior or the way she runs her boardinghouse. Dr. Minot surprised me a bit. I expected him to be different. He's kind of a mixed bag. A man of science and a man of his time but also a father and a decent human being -for the time period. Nora is a kind and decent maid. She doesn't have much choice but to do what she's told to do.
I enjoyed this book quite a lot. It is interesting and thought-provoking. It's of especial interest to those who grew up in the area. I wanted a list of sources for more information on Chilmark and life on Martha's Vineyard in 1804-1805 though.