I think of myself as a male. I have got a penis and two testicles to prove it; also, no breasts, and plenty of facial hair... a hairy body... a deep voice....
Er, wait.
Apart from the penis/ testicles part (and the absence of breasts), are any of the other things biologically essential to "maleness"?
There was a time that I was convinced of it. I used to feel sorry for men who didn't have to shave daily, or who had squeaky voices like Mickey Mouse. I was also secretly ashamed of my flabby, soft, "feminine" body (though I was too lazy to go to the gym and develop muscle!). In fact, I was so convinced of the male/ female binary as a part of life.
Also, I used to regard the Hijras of India (transgender people - in my youth, we considered them eunuchs) as freaks. I used to feel uncomfortable in the presence of these people.
Well, those were the days when I considered homosexuality as a "deviant" practice, against nature. Even when I came reluctantly to accept homosexuals later on, I considered them to be abnormal, measured against the approved "normal" of heterosexual society.
We live and learn. In this aspect, I would consider my life as a huge learning curve - that of shedding ingrained prejudices one by one and constantly reevaluating myself and my position in the universe. And most importantly, making that reevaluation a daily habit.
I must confess that the idea of race and gender as social, rather than biological concepts was the most difficult thing to accept. Especially gender. The biological differences are there for all to see, aren't they? So why are people saying they are created by society?
It's only with great difficulty that the concept entered my head - biological differences does not necessarily create categories. Categorisation is an entirely human process. And once we do that, we start attaching societal baggage to each and every one of them.
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This series of graphic guides are pretty much hit and miss for me: some are excellent, while many others are only average. (They are all fun to read, however.) This particular one is excellent - it covers the vast entirety of the subject in a few pages, with very interesting cartoons to complement the text. Moreover, it introduces a very complicated subject with a disarming simplicity of approach, avoiding all jargon and heavy-handed philosophical references, in easily digestible chunks. This is one book I would be going back to again and again.
According to the author, gender is a social construct which needs to be critically reevaluated. Apart from dismantling the male/ female binary, and introducing new genders (transgender, intersex et al), we also need to see gender as fluid. The characteristics which we associate with certain categories are only indicative and not definitive. We also need to figure out where homosexuals, bisexuals and asexuals fit within this spectrum.
Why should we do this? Because rigid categorisation of humanity is the beginning of bigotry. We have seen it with race: we are seeing it with caste in India: and we are seeing it with religion all over the world. The only problem is, gender has been ingrained into our psyches so deeply, we would find it a tad difficult see it for what it really is.