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456 pages, Hardcover
First published October 11, 2022
He masticated furiously{...}
—p.178
In comics, dying was always conditional—there'd been so many tragic ends for Thunderman in the last nearly eighty years, American had brought out two successful Greatest Deaths collections.
—p.212
Meanwhile, on or near the moon, the three Apollo astronauts were dealing with an unanticipated side effect of their historic mission. With no atmosphere to shelter them from the torrential radiation pouring from the sun, all three were inadvertently exposed to an amount that changed their body chemistry. Neil Armstrong found he now had the ability to turn himself into a sentient liquid, while Buzz Aldrin could control and generate magnetic fields. The least irradiated of the three men, Michael Collins, paradoxically was the most drastically affected and became a hideous magma-monster, with tremendous strength and a big heart. Laying one bulky glove atop another, the three swore a solemn oath and, as the Ultranauts, returned to Earth and solved all of the planet's problems. Thwarted in their evil plans for an apocalyptic race-war, Charlie Manson and his Family were locked up in energy-prisons on the moon's dark side forever. War, disease, hatred and hunger were abolished, so that 1969 became known as the year when everything just kept getting better. Worsley Porlock married the blonde girl from Seventh Heaven, and everyone on Earth thereafter led fantastic lives, at least until Cosmax arrived from space in 2025 and ate the world.
—p.249
Well, this is a strange book. Billed as a collection of "stories," Illuminations is, rather, as Neil Gaiman concedes on his back cover blurb, "a sort of camouflage, or frame" for What We Can Know About Thunderman—which, at 240 pages of a 450-page book, is not a story or even a novella but a full-length novel. Gaiman describes it as "a scabrous, monstrous, often hilarious unmasking and reinvention of the people who made the comics, and the lives destroyed by the four-color funnies."Read more...
With that in mind, I will be focusing in what follows on Thunderman. As for the rest of the book, it opens with "Hypothetical Lizard." Formerly "A Hypothetical Lizard"—note the article—this is Moore's first published piece of long-form fictional prose, initially printed in 1988 as part of an anthology set in a fantasy world shared among a number of speculative-fiction writers. Ahead of its time in its sociopolitical concerns, it narrates the slow sexual doom of two prostitutes—one of them transgender, one with a severed corpus callusum—in a fantastical brothel catering to magicians. I read it once before and confess I didn't reread it in Illuminations; perhaps illustrating Moore's limits, Anthony Johnston's mid-2000s comics adaptation, which I prefer to the story proper, mutes its ornate verbosity and clarifies its central conflict. The rest of the stories in Illuminations, written more recently, are mostly fantastical inventions in the vein of Bradbury, Ellison, Gaiman—there is a rationalist twist on the ghost story, a time paradox tale about a paranormal society, a comic apocalypse with a vaping Jesus, a fictive Beat poem with fictive annotations à la Pale Fire, and more—and I'm sure I'll pay them all the attention they deserve someday; but today, with controversy raging over Moore's bitter farewell to comic books and his claim that the superhero genre is inherently a fascist one, I would like to examine What We Can Know About Thunderman in detail.
Superhero fandoms of both the political right and the political left now enjoy a rare moment of unity in summarily rejecting Moore's fascism thesis, while observers point out that Moore has been claiming this for years—since, in fact, his earliest works in the genre, Miracleman and Watchmen. Writer Zack Budryk virally Tweets, for example,Every couple years Alan Moore, a man whose best-known work is about how superheroes are fascist, pops his head up to confirm that's something he believes, and people conclude he went crazy in his old age
Like saying Romeo and Juliet warns against immoderate eros or Fight Club censures masculinity, this clever argument only persuades if the best way to read a work of art is to discard its dominant affect as so much tinsel and regard only its overt rhetorical self-justification as its sole legitimate meaning. But as I hope I have shown exhaustively in my past writings on Moore, his greatest graphic novels in and out of the superhero genre can hardly get their narratives started without Moore's investiture of generative man-gods, fascist perverts, and misogynist murderers with visionary authority, no matter what bien-pensant self-congratulation he blathers to the credulous readers of the Guardian. In the course of pursuing an only superficial anti-fascist polemic, Moore's superheroes are more fascist than anything you'd have found in the same period in the average Marvel or DC Comic.
This ambiguity need not trouble us, either. Only pop-culture fandoms insist that their objects of aesthetic interest must possess political and ethical rectitude. High culture in modernity understands its role differently—as a repository for all that enlightenment represses. But Moore, from the depths of the English working class, has always aimed his ambition at the attainment of high culture. His punishment for this desire, should he achieve it, will be to leave behind, down in the Marvel Bullpen, the merely conflicted liberalisms of Stan Lee and Jack Kirby for the much more exalted slopes of Parnassus, where figures as troubling (and as obsessed with heroism) as Blake, Nietzsche, and Yeats will tell him what Walter Benjamin long ago told us all: "There is no document of civilization which is not at the same time a document of barbarism."
Is this knowledge, however, included in What We Can Know About Thunderman? Insufficiently, as I will show.